ABSTRACT
Marketing involves assembling, storing, processing, packaging, grading, transportation and distribution of agricultural commodities from farmers to consumers. Marketing plays an important role in accelerating the pace of economic development of farmers. The present study mainly deals with the impact of COVID-19 on marketing behaviour of mango growers in Prakasam district of Andhra Pradesh. The paper deals with changes that occurred in marketing behavior before and during pandemic, problems faced by the mango growers during pandemic. The study area was selected by purposive sampling and 50 respondents were selected randomly from three villages. The impact of pandemic on marketing behaviour was analyzed with the help of frequency, percentage and paired t-test using SPSS software. Before pandemic 78.40 per cent of mango growers sold their produce when prices are attractive,80.00 per cent sold to the export organization,86.00 per cent to nearby town,78.00 per cent by means of tractor and 82.00 per cent received their market information through fellow farmers. During pandemic, 80.00 per cent of the respondents sold their produce immediately after the harvest, 84.00 per cent of mango growers sold directly to the consumers, 64.00 per cent sold to nearby villages, 64.00 per cent sold by means of other transport sources, 78.00 percent received their market information through social media. Indicators of marketing behaviour such as time of sale, mode of sale, place of sale, mode of transport, source of market information had significant mean difference and showed decrease in mean values during pandemic when compared to before pandemic. The findings of the study revealed that there is a significant impact of pandemic on marketing behaviour of mango growers. Major problem faced by the mango growers during pandemic is inadequate transport facilities (Garrett score 69.32) followed by export organizations remain closed(67.68) and fluctuations in price(60.54).
ABSTRACT
Rhus succedanea (Anacardiaceae) was used to treat multiple human afflictions. Literary works demonstrate that it has many biological activities. Today's research aims to recognize Rhus succedanea Phyto-derived anti-viral compounds against the main protease and spike protein of the viral agent of COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) gain insight into the molecular interactions. In the current study, ten molecules taken from R. succedanea are analyzed through docking, derived from the PubChem database. Docking experiments with Autodock vina and PyRx tools were conducted. AdmetSAR and DruLito servers were eventually used for drug-like prediction. Our research shows that the phytoconstituents from R. succedanea, namely, Amentoflavone, Rhoifolin, and Agathisflavone acts against SARS CoV-2 main protease with the binding affinity of-9.3,-8.6 and-8.4 Kcal/mol;Hinokiflavone Robustaflavone and Amentoflavone acts against the SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain of spike protein with a binding affinity of-10.5,-10.4 and-10.1 Kcal/mol respectively. These phyto-compounds can use contemporary strategies to develop effective medicines from natural origins. The substances identified potential anti-viral as likely. However, In-vitro studies are even more necessary to assess their effectiveness versus SARS CoV-2.
ABSTRACT
Spondias mombin is one of the species belonging to the (Family: Anacardiaceae), its ethnomedicinal uses may be justified through many studies that reported potential pharmacological properties due to its phytochemical compounds. This review aimed at examining the ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemical compounds and pharmacological properties of S. mombin leaf extracts on the African continent, to justify its use in the management and/ or treatment of viral infections and cancers. Electronic databases such as Google Scholar, SciHub, PubMed and Science Direct with search dates between 1999 and 2019 were used. Findings from this review confirm the ethnomedicinal uses, of decoctions and infusions of S. mombin leaf extracts for management diseases such as malaria, sore throat, and inflammation disorders;studies confirmed the presence of phytochemical compounds such as Geraniin, 2-O-Caffeoyl-(+)-allohydroxycitric acid, Quercetin-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside and pelandjuaic acid, responsible for the antiviral and chemotherapeutic properties. However, there is a need for bio-assay guided extractions, isolation, identification and characterization of phytochemical compound(s) in the leaf extracts of S. mombin that may be responsible for antiviral and anticancer activity. Investigations of the pharmacological action, in silico and in vitro studies of known and /or newly isolated compounds are warranted in the management and /or treatment of viral infections such as, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2, and cancers to justify the use of leaf extracts of S. mombin on the African continent for the management of viral infections and or cancer.
ABSTRACT
As cardiovascular diseases are still a major cause of death in most countries, it is still relevant to look into treatment of such diseases. Dyslipidemia is one of the important identified risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. As this is largely driven by lifestyle and diet, it may be difficult to control it with lifestyle modifications alone. Currently, Statins remains to be the mainstay therapy for dyslipidemia but this is also met by problems within certain patient population. The drug may be contraindicated in certain patient groups;some patients tend to not respond to Statins;while certain patients may not tolerate the adverse events. This study looked into available literature on studies done on dyslipidemia using plant-based formulations using randomized clinical trial. Based on the review conducted, there are several plant-based formations with potential to be similar in efficacy to Statins. Some of the plants used are abundant or may be easily sourced. With the increasing popularity of food supplements or nutraceuticals, exploration on the potential of plant-based products is attractive. Despite the promising results of some studies, these will need further investigations and targeting a larger population size. Formulation options may need to be explored also focused on its stability. © RJPT All right reserved.
ABSTRACT
Objective: This study was conducted to identify medicinal plants in the fight against Coronavirus disease, influenza and colds cited by travelers who came for their Covid test at the Institut Pasteur of C..te d'Ivoire. Methodology and Results: A semi-structured interview was conducted with 527 travelers from April 1 to June 30, 2021. The interviewed travelers were predominantly male (69.4%). Travelers going to France (28.46%) were the most numerous. The most represented age groups were 41-64 (43.83%) and 25-40 (43.26%). When the level of education is considered, the surveyed travelers have a higher level of education (89.94%). Entrepreneurs (13.85%), traders (12.66%), company directors (12.33%), students (8.54%) and health workers (6.45%) are the majority. Only 21.63% of travelers used traditional medicine in the last 12 months prior to the survey. Various plants are used to fight (33.43%) or prevent (56.57%) Coronavirus disease (7.02%), influenza (3.60%) and colds (2.84%). In total, 13 species of medicinal plants divided into 13 genera and 13 families were cited. Azadirachta indica (Meliaceae) with citation frequencies (cf) of 22%, Zingiber officinale (Zingiberaceae) with cf of 21% and Citrus limon (Rutaceae) with cf of 14% were the most cited species. Conclusion and application of results: These plants could be used for research and development of phytomedicines against Coronavirus, influenza and cold.
ABSTRACT
At the beginning of the health crisis due to COVID-19 some observers alerted the decision makers of a possible food crisis in the coming months in West Africa. In order to feed this debate, the researchers conducted a study by interviewing 75 actors of the agricultural sector in two regions of Burkina Faso - the Yatenga and the High Basins. In both situations, farmers and pastoralists were able to continue their activities, but some experienced marketing difficulties. Market gardeners and tree growers have been the most affected by this crisis because of difficulties in selling their perishable products on West African markets. Livestock farmers were less affected by the drop in prices, but traders of live livestock also encountered difficulties exporting to coastal countries. Finally, cotton companies have had to face a drop in the international price of cotton fiber and cotton producers will have to face a drop in the purchase price of seed cotton at the end of 2020. Despite this crisis, Burkina Faso's agriculture has continued to fully play its nurturing role thanks to the mobilization of farmers, traders and transporters, even though it is showing weaknesses due to its heavy dependence on external markets for, among other things, vegetables, livestock, cotton, mangoes, cashew nuts and agricultural and livestock inputs. This crisis is an opportunity to consider areas for intervention to make Burkina Faso's agriculture less dependent on external markets and imported factors of production. This implies the substitution of imported food products by local products and an agro-ecological transition to reduce the importation of synthetic inputs.